Page A-24 - Mason County Journal - Thursday, Aug. 14, 2014
MASTER GARDENER
A t our monthly of a problem that was
Master Gardener occurring on her pump-
Jt J~neeting Monday, kin plant. One stem
one of the gardeners had multiple leaves
passed around a picture extending from it and
Rocke &
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what looked to be small
pumpkins at the base of
each leaf. Everyone was
baffled about what was
causing this weird symp-
tom. I sent the photos to
Jenny Glass, the WSU
diagnostician in Puyal-
lup, and got a quick re-
sponse.
What was happen-
ing is called fasciation.
An article written by
Melodie L. Putnam and
Marilyn Millet from
Oregon State University
explains this problem.
The bacterium Rhodo-
coccus fascians causes
fasciation, leafy galls
and shoot proliferation
on plants.
These symptoms
have been attributed
incorrectly to crown gall
bacteria (Agrobacterium
tumefaciens), virus in-
fection, herbicide dam-
age or eriophyid mite
infestation.
There is also confu-
sion about what to call
the symptoms caused
by R. fascians. Shoot
proliferation and leafy
galls are sometimes
called "fasciation," a
term also used to refer
to tissues that grow into
a flattened ribbon-like
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This leafy gall hasfasciation, or fused growth, at
manner. The root for the
word fasciation come
from the Latin, fascia, to
fuse, and refers to a join-
ing of tissues. We
will reserve the
term fasciation
for the ribbon-like
growth of stems
and other organs.
The terms
"leafy gall" and
"shoot prolif-
eration" are un-
familiar to many
people, but are a
good description
of what is seen on af-
fected plants.
A leafy gall is a mass
of buds or short shoots
tightly packed and fused
at the base. These max
appear beneath the soil
or near the soil line at
the base of the stem.
They may also form in
leaf axils, and in fewer
cases, near leaf veins.
Shoot proliferation is
a loose collection of
shoots that are larger
than the shoots in leafy
galls, but smaller than
uninfected shoots, which
may or may not be fused
at the base (see above).
By JEANNE
REHWALDT
Leafy galls and shoot
proliferations are quite
different than the galls
caused by:the crown gall
bacterium, A.
tumefaciens.
Infection with
A. tumefaciens
causes swelling
of tissue into
tumors or galls
on stems or
roots, but these
galls do not dif-
ferentiate into
buds or stems.
In contrast,
leafy galls are well dif-
ferentiated into easily
Tecogn]zed plant parts.
What can be done
about leafy gall (due to R.
fascians) and crown gall
(due to Agrobacterium)? :~
For one thing, it is
important to get an ac-
curate diagnosis. Leafy
gall production from R.
fascians can be mistak-
enly attributed to other
causes, and the control
for a bacterial infection
will be different than for
an eriophyid mite infes-
tation, for example.
Unfortunately, there
is no treatment for either
Photo courtesy of Jeanne Rehwaldt
its base.
R. fascians or Agrobacte-
rium infection, therefore
steps must be taken to
prevent disease. A bio-
logical control product
for prevention of crown
gall is called NoGall.
When woody cuttings are
dipped into this before
planting, the biocontrol
bacteria present in the
formulation prevent
tumor formation by pre-
emptively colonizing the
cutting, and by produc-
ing an antibiotic that is
toxic to Agrobacterium
tumefaciens. But there
is no product that has
worked to prevent this
condition in herbaceous
plants.
As a cultural control,
bacteria need water for
movement, infection and
multiplication. Minimize
the length of time leaves
are wet and apply irriga-
tion under conditions
where leaves can dry in
one or two hours. Good
ventilation will help.
For all your garden-
ing questions contact
a Master Gardener on
from noon to 3 p.m. on
Monday.
877-5811
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It's now
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at MGH Eye Clinic Optometrist Jenni Aaseby, O.D. specializes in contact lens
fitting and prescription glasses, and joins Monica Vuong, M.D., board-certified
ophthalmologist and eye surgeon.
MGH Eye Clinic puts the most qualified professionals with the latest technology to
bring you a thorough diagnosis and the best treatment available. A full-service eye
clinic providing everything from routine eye exams to surgical solutions.
To make an appointment at MGH Eye Clinic call (360) 425-8717.
Mason General Hospital
Eye Clinic
(360) 426-8717
2300 Kati Court, Suite C
Shelton, WA 98584
wwwMasonGeneral.com
Students from Belfafr, Allyn and Ta- ies); Cristy Lynn Norcross (bachelor
huya graduated from the University of of science, biology -- general); Jessica
Washington in June. Mae Caubre (bachelor of science, at-
Allyn: Lacey Dawn Schuberger mospheric sciences); Allison Marie An-
(bachelor of science, public health); Kylee drew (bachelor of arts, psychology).
• Hull (bachelor of arts, psychology). Tahuya: Anne Haley Gower (bache-
Beifair: Dylan Ranon Nordstrom lor of science, aquatic and fishery scienc-
(bachelor of science, civil engineering, es) and David Lee Jr. Creed (bachelor
and bachelor of arts, architectural stud- of arts, chemistry).
Our 18= year in Mason County
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